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UPSC Mains Mathematics optional Syllabus is available for Download as PDF. MATHEMATICS PAPER – I Linear Algebra: Vector spaces over R and C, linear dependence and independence, subspaces, bases, dimension; Linear transformations, rank and nullity, matrix of a linear transformation. Algebra of Matrices; Row and column reduction, Echelon form, congruence’s and similarity; Rank of a matrix; […]

UPSC Mains Management optional Syllabus is available for Download as PDF.   MANAGEMENT The candidate should make a study of the concept and development of management as science and art drawing upon the contributions of leading thinkers of management and apply the concepts to the real life of government and business decision making keeping in […]

SANSKRIT PAPER-I There will be three questions as indicated in the question paper which must be answered in Sanskrit. The remaining questions must be answered either in Sanskrit or in the medium of examination opted by the candidate. Section-A Significant features of the grammar, with particular stress on Sanjna, Sandhi, Karaka, Samasa, Kartari and Karmani […]

ORIYA PAPER-I (Answers must be written in Oriya) Section-A History of Oriya Language Origin and development of Oriya Language-Influence of Austric, Dravidian, Perso-Arabic and English on Oriya Language. Phonetics and Phonemics : Vowels, Consonants Principles of changes in Oriya sounds. Morphology : Morphemes (free, bound compound and complex), derivational and inflectional affixes, case inflection, conjugation […]

NEPALI PAPER-I (Answers must be written in Nepali) Section-A History of the origin and development of Nepali as one of the new IndoAryan Languages Fundamentals of Nepali Grammar and phonology: Nominal forms and categories : Gender, Number, Case, Adjectives,Pronouns, Avyayas Verbal forms and categoriesTense, Aspects, Voice, Roots and Fixes Nepali Swara and Vyanjana; Major Dialects […]

MALAYALAM   PAPER-I (Answers must be written in Malayalam) Section-A Unit 1-Early phase of Malayalam Language: 1.1 Various theories: origin from proto Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit. 1.2 Relation between Tamil and Malayalam: Six nayas of A.R. Rajarajavarma. 1.3 Pattu school-definition, Ramacharitam, later pattu works-Niranam works and Krishnagatha. Unit 2-Linguistic features of : 2.1 Manipravalam-definition. Language of […]